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What is Fire Extinguisher?
A fire extinguisher is a portable
fire safety equipment or fire protection equipment used for extinguishing
fires. This device consists of a fire cylinder with a directional nozzle that
uses to direct a spray of water, chemically generated foam, inert gas, or fine
powder onto the fire at high pressure to put out and control even the small
fires. Fire extinguishers (firefighting equipment) are metal cylinders or
containers that contain different chemicals, depending on the application as
nitrogen used with dry chemical extinguishers and the air is used with water
and foam extinguishers.
What is Fire and its Classes?
Fire is a chemical reaction that
needs fuel, oxygen, and heat in order to burn. The chemical reaction of fire is
called combustion, which happens when fuel reacts with oxygen to release heat
energy. Either the combustion can slow or fast but it all depends on the volume
of oxygen available. Even the combustion outcomes in a flame are very fast and
called it as burning. The flames or fires occur when small particles of the
combustible material or fuel (wood, gasoline, flammable oil, electrical
equipment, etc.) are heated to the point of burning and shot upward.
There are several classes of
fire-based primarily on the fuel source. Here is a list of different
classifications of fire.
·
Class A - fires connecting solid materials such
as wood, fabric, paper or textiles, trash, and plastics
·
Class B - fires connecting flammable liquids
such as petrol, diesel, kerosene, flammable oils, and certain types of paint
·
Class C - fires connecting gases and electrical
components
·
Class D - fires connecting combustible metals
·
Class E - fires connecting live electrical
apparatus (Technically ‘Class E’ doesn’t exit)
· Class F or Type K - fire connecting cooking oils
such as in deep-fat fryers; liquid cooking materials such as greases, and cooking
oils
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The fire extinguishers at Variexonline are even portable
devices and used to apply an agent that will extinguish the burning fuel or
remove oxygen so the fire cannot continue to burn. This website ensures that
its entire range of extinguishers is inspected as per the International Safety
& Quality Standard, confirming the proper safety of the end-users. A
portable fire extinguisher can control the small fires quickly and hence, it is
advisable to fix the fire extinguishers throughout every building on campus. To
properly use an extinguisher, you should know the types of fire extinguishers
and their operation or use.
Types of Fire Extinguishers and their uses as per Classes of Fire
1. WATER FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Water type fire extinguishers are
the most common fire extinguisher used for class A fire risk. The water has a
cooling effect on the material or fuel, which is capable of extinguishing the
fire. These two categories of extinguishers, i.e., water spray and water mist.
Water spray extinguishers are fitted out with a spray nozzle that means a
greater surface area can be covered more quickly and put out the fire more
rapidly. Water mist extinguishers
consist of different types of nozzles, which release microscopic water
particles to create a wall of mist between the fire and the person using the
extinguisher, reducing the feeling of heat. Moreover, it is recommended to
locate water type extinguishers at the exit point of every floor where a Class
A fire risk can be identified.
Uses of water / A type
extinguishers:
· Houses and other buildings constructed of wood
or other organic materials
· Offices
· Schools
· Hospitals
· Residential properties
· Warehouses
2. FOAM FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Foam type fire extinguishers are
one of the popular types of fire extinguishers and used for Class B fire hazard
or risk. Foam fire extinguisher also works on Class A fires as they are
water-based. Like the water extinguishers, foam extinguishers also have a
cooling effect on the fuel, and the foaming agent creates a barrier between the
flame and the fuel for extinguishing the fire. It is advisable to locate the
foam extinguisher at the exits on a floor where a Class A or Class B fire risks
can recognize.
Uses of foam / Type B extinguishers:
· Residential properties
· Schools
· Offices
· Hospitals
· Warehouses
· Buildings where flammable liquids are stored
3. DRY POWDER FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Dry powder type fire extinguishers
are also known as ABC fire extinguishers because as they used for class A, B, and
C fire risk. ABC powder extinguishers use on some electrical fires. However,
they are not perfect for use in enclosed spaces. Dry chemical powder
extinguishers are used to cool down the fires by forming a barrier between the
fuel and the source of oxygen.
Uses of dry powder / ABC type
fire extinguishers:
· Businesses using flammable gases for chemical
processes
· Premises where welding and flame cutting works
takes place
· Premises with large, commercial boiler rooms
· Garage forecourts
· Liquid petroleum gas (LPG) dispensing plants
4. CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) FIRE
EXTINGUISHER
Carbon dioxide type fire
extinguishers are also called CO2 extinguishers used for electrical fire risks.
They are also used to put out Class B fires (flammable liquids, such as paint
and petroleum). Carbon dioxide or CO2 extinguishers work in such a way to
suffocate fires by displacing the oxygen the fire needs to burn. It is
recommended to place the carbon dioxide fire extinguishers near to the source
of the fire exits and also in working vehicles.
Uses of carbon dioxide / CO2 type
extinguishers:
· Offices
· Kitchens
· Construction sites
· Computer server rooms
5. WET CHEMICAL FIRE
EXTINGUISHERS
Wet chemical type extinguishers
are designed and used for Class F or Class K fire risks. This particular type of extinguisher can also
use on Class A fires (although it is more usual to have a foam or water
extinguisher for this type of fire risk). Wet chemical fire extinguishers
create a layer of foam (has a cooling effect) on the surface of the burning
cooking oil or fat, preventing oxygen from fueling the fire any further.
Uses of wet chemical / K type
extinguisher:
· Commercial kitchens
· Canteens
· Hospital cooking areas, etc.
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